Q1. Dorsal side of frog shows:
a) Olive green color with spots
b) Bright red color
c) Transparent skin
d) Blue stripes
✓ a) Olive green with spots
Explanation: Camouflage adaptation in vegetation (SSC CGL 2021).
Q2. Webbed feet in frogs help in:
a) Digging
b) Swimming
c) Flying
d) Sound production
✓ b) Swimming
Explanation: Hind limb adaptation for aquatic life (NEET 2022).
Q3. Number of vertebrae in frog's vertebral column:
a) 5
b) 9
c) 12
d) 15
✓ b) 9
Explanation: 1 cervical + 7 trunk + 1 sacral + urostyle (NEET 2020).
Q4. The "urostyle" is a modified:
a) Rib
b) Vertebra
c) Limb bone
d) Skull bone
✓ b) Vertebra
Explanation: Fused caudal vertebrae forming tail support.
Q5. Frog's tongue is attached at the:
a) Back
b) Front
c) Sides
d) Not attached
✓ b) Front
Explanation: Bifid tongue is anteriorly attached for prey capture (NEET 2021).
Q6. Digestive gland NOT present in frogs:
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Gastric glands
d) Salivary glands
✓ d) Salivary glands
Explanation: Frogs lack salivary glands; mucus comes from buccal cavity.
Q7. Cutaneous respiration in frogs contributes:
a) 10% O₂
b) 25% O₂
c) 50% O₂
d) 75% O₂
✓ b) 25% O₂
Explanation: Skin contributes ~25% during active periods (NEET 2023).
Q8. During aestivation, frogs respire through:
a) Lungs only
b) Skin only
c) Buccal cavity
d) Gills
✓ b) Skin only
Explanation: Cutaneous respiration dominates when inactive.
Q9. Frog's heart has __ chambers:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
✓ b) 3
Explanation: 2 atria + 1 ventricle (NEET 2022).
Q10. The "sinus venosus" receives blood from:
a) Lungs
b) Body organs
c) Brain
d) Limbs
✓ b) Body organs
Explanation: Collects deoxygenated blood via precaval/postcaval veins.
Q11. Frog's kidney is:
a) Pronephric
b) Mesonephric
c) Metanephric
d) Holonephric
✓ b) Mesonephric
Explanation: Adult frogs have opisthonephros type kidneys.
Q12. Main nitrogenous waste in frogs is:
a) Ammonia
b) Urea
c) Uric acid
d) Creatinine
✓ b) Urea
Explanation: Ureotelic due to aquatic-terrestrial life.
Q13. Bidder's canal is found in:
a) Male frogs
b) Female frogs
c) Both sexes
d) Tadpoles only
✓ a) Male frogs
Explanation: Connects testes to kidneys in males (NEET 2021).
Q14. Frog eggs have __ jelly layers:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
✓ c) 3
Explanation: Inner, middle, and outer layers from oviduct.
Q15. Optic lobes in frog brain are part of:
a) Forebrain
b) Midbrain
c) Hindbrain
d) Spinal cord
✓ b) Midbrain
Explanation: Corpora bigemina process visual input.
Q16. Cranial nerves in frogs number:
a) 10 pairs
b) 12 pairs
c) 15 pairs
d) 20 pairs
✓ a) 10 pairs
Explanation: Lack mammalian cranial nerves XI-XII.
Q17. "Tympanum" is a frog's:
a) Eye part
b) Ear drum
c) Nostril
d) Tongue sensor
✓ b) Ear drum
Explanation: External hearing structure behind eyes.
Q18. Frogs detect water vibrations via:
a) Lateral line
b) Eyes
c) Nasal epithelium
d) Tongue
✓ a) Lateral line
Explanation: Present in tadpoles, lost in adults (NEET 2020).
Q19. Strongest muscle in frog's body is:
a) Gastrocnemius
b) Pectoralis
c) Masseter
d) Gluteus
✓ a) Gastrocnemius
Explanation: This calf muscle powers jumping.
Q20. Cutaneous pectoris muscle helps in:
a) Breathing
b) Swimming
c) Digging
d) Vocalization
✓ a) Breathing
Explanation: Assists in buccal pumping for respiration.
Q21. Thyroxine in frogs is secreted by:
a) Pituitary
b) Thyroid
c) Adrenal
d) Pancreas
✓ b) Thyroid
Explanation: Controls metamorphosis from tadpole to adult (NEET 2023).
Q22. Hormones NOT present in frogs:
a) Insulin
b) Estrogen
c) Prolactin
d) Melatonin
✓ c) Prolactin
Explanation: Mammalian lactation hormone absent in amphibians.
Q23. Hibernating frogs respire through:
a) Skin only
b) Lungs only
c) Gills
d) Buccal cavity
✓ a) Skin only
Explanation: Cutaneous respiration dominates during dormancy.
Q24. The "third eyelid" in frogs is called:
a) Cornea
b) Nictitating membrane
c) Conjunctiva
d) Tapetum
✓ b) Nictitating membrane
Explanation: Transparent lid protects underwater (NEET 2021).
Q25. Frog RBCs differ from humans in being:
a) Nucleated
b) Smaller
c) Square-shaped
d) Absent
✓ a) Nucleated
Explanation: All non-mammalian vertebrates have nucleated RBCs.
Q26. Structure ABSENT in frog but present in humans:
a) Diaphragm
b) Cloaca
c) Mesonephros
d) Nictitating membrane
✓ a) Diaphragm
Explanation: Frogs lack this mammalian breathing muscle.
Q27. Brownish organ covering frog's heart is:
a) Liver
b) Lung
c) Fat body
d) Kidney
✓ c) Fat body
Explanation: Energy reserve organ in coelom.
Q28. Bidder's canal is visible in:
a) Female reproductive system
b) Male urinary system
c) Brain
d) Intestine
✓ b) Male urinary system
Explanation: Connects testes to kidneys in males.
Q29. Finger-like lobes shown are:
a) Pancreas
b) Liver
c) Gallbladder
d) Fat bodies
✓ b) Liver
Explanation: 3-lobed liver (left/right median lobes).
Q30. Chamber receiving pulmonary veins is:
a) Sinus venosus
b) Right atrium
c) Left atrium
d) Ventricle
✓ c) Left atrium
Explanation: Oxygenated blood enters here.
Q31. Students often mistake __ for kidneys in frog dissection:
a) Testes
b) Fat bodies
c) Lungs
d) Spleen
✓ a) Testes
Explanation: Yellowish testes are near kidneys but smaller.
Q32. Misconception about frog respiration:
a) Skin breathes underwater
b) Lungs used on land
c) Gills present in adults
d) Buccal cavity aids breathing
✓ c) Gills present in adults
Explanation: Gills exist only in tadpoles.
Q33. Frog development question often tests:
a) Cleavage pattern
b) Gastrulation movements
c) Cortical rotation
d) All above
✓ d) All above
Explanation: All are high-yield topics (NEET 2023).
Q34. Most repeated frog anatomy question:
a) Heart chambers
b) Brain lobes
c) Kidney type
d) Eye structure
✓ a) Heart chambers
Explanation: 3-chambered heart appears annually.
Q35. Frogs lack ribs primarily because:
a) They reduce jumping efficiency
b) Cutaneous respiration requires flexibility
c) Vertebral column provides enough support
d) All of the above
✓ d) All of the above
Explanation: Ribs would hinder their unique locomotion and breathing adaptations (NEET 2023).
Q36. The cloaca in frogs serves all EXCEPT:
a) Reproduction
b) Excretion
c) Digestion
d) Respiration
✓ d) Respiration
Explanation: Common chamber for urinary, genital, and digestive tracts only.
Q37. Pigment cells in frog skin are called:
a) Melanocytes
b) Chromatophores
c) Keratinocytes
d) Langerhans cells
✓ b) Chromatophores
Explanation: Contain melanin for camouflage.
Q38. Liver cells showing high glycogen storage appear:
a) Dark brown
b) Pale pink
c) Blue-green
d) Yellow-orange
✓ b) Pale pink
Explanation: Glycogen granules stain light with H&E.
Q39. When pithed (brain-destroyed) frog legs twitch on salt application, it demonstrates:
a) Reflex arc
b) Nerve-muscle junction
c) Myogenic activity
d) Hormonal control
✓ b) Nerve-muscle junction
Explanation: Salt stimulates intact peripheral nerves (NEET 2021).
Q40. Strychnine-poisoned frogs show:
a) Flaccid paralysis
b) Tetany (rigid spasms)
c) No change
d) Enhanced jumping
✓ b) Tetany
Explanation: Blocks inhibitory neurotransmitters causing violent contractions.
Q41. The gray crescent in frog zygote marks future:
a) Head region
b) Dorsal side
c) Ventral side
d) Tail bud
✓ b) Dorsal side
Explanation: Establishes dorsal-ventral axis during gastrulation.
Q42. Frog gastrulation differs from chick in having:
a) Primitive streak
b) Blastopore
c) Archenteron
d) Yolk plug
✓ d) Yolk plug
Explanation: Visible mass of yolky endoderm cells in blastopore.
Q44. A frog with extra limbs likely suffered:
a) Parasitic infection (Ribeiroia)
b) Vitamin deficiency
c) Genetic mutation
d) Pesticide exposure
✓ a) Parasitic infection
Explanation: Trematode parasites disrupt limb bud development.
Q45. Melanophore tumors cause:
a) Complete albinism
b) Black spot disease
c) Blue skin syndrome
d) Red leg disease
✓ b) Black spot disease
Explanation: Uncontrolled melanocyte proliferation.
Q46. Contrary to popular belief, frogs:
a) Drink through skin
b) Absorb water via pelvic patch
c) Swallow using eyes
d) Have waterproof skin
✓ b) Absorb water via pelvic patch
Explanation: Specialized skin area on ventral side.
Q47. "Frog rain" phenomenon is actually caused by:
a) Atmospheric water condensation
b) Tornadoes transporting pond frogs
c) Mass migration
d) Spontaneous generation
✓ b) Tornadoes transporting pond frogs
Explanation: Waterspouts can carry aquatic animals.
Q48. The most endangered frog family is:
a) Ranidae
b) Dendrobatidae
c) Pipidae
d) Rhinodermatidae
✓ d) Rhinodermatidae
Explanation: Darwin's frogs face extinction from chytrid fungus.
Q49. India's only frog sanctuary is in:
a) Kerala
b) Karnataka
c) West Bengal
d) Assam
✓ a) Kerala
Explanation: Located in Wayanad for Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis.
Q50. Frog RBC production occurs in:
a) Liver
b) Spleen
c) Bone marrow
d) Kidney
✓ b) Spleen
Explanation: Unlike mammals, amphibian erythropoiesis is splenic.
Q51. The "seat patch" refers to frog's:
a) Vocal sac
b) Water absorption area
c) Amplexus grip
d) Fat storage
✓ b) Water absorption area
Explanation: Highly vascularized pelvic skin.
Q52. The mucous glands in frog skin primarily secrete:
a) Toxins
b) Waterproof wax
c) Glycoproteins
d) Chitin
✓ c) Glycoproteins
Explanation: Mucous glands keep skin moist for cutaneous respiration (NEET 2023).
Q53. Pigment cells responsible for color change are:
a) Melanophores only
b) Iridophores only
c) Both melanophores and iridophores
d) Keratinocytes
✓ c) Both melanophores and iridophores
Explanation: Melanophores (black/brown) and iridophores (light-reflecting) work together.
Q54. Frogs detect low-frequency sounds via:
a) Tympanum
b) Operculum
c) Lateral line
d) Sacculus
✓ b) Operculum
Explanation: Bone in inner ear amplifies ground vibrations.
Q55. Jacobson's organ in frogs helps in:
a) Smelling underwater
b) Detecting air-borne odors
c) Sensing magnetic fields
d) UV vision
✓ a) Smelling underwater
Explanation: Vomeronasal organ detects water-soluble chemicals.
Q56. Frog lymph hearts are located near:
a) Shoulders
b) 3rd vertebra
c) Sacral region
d) Urostyle
✓ b) 3rd vertebra
Explanation: Pair of pulsatile structures maintaining lymph flow.
Q57. Unlike mammals, frog lymph contains:
a) RBCs
b) Platelets
c) Stem cells
d) All of above
✓ a) RBCs
Explanation: Erythrocytes freely enter lymphatic vessels.
Q58. Students often mistake __ for the gallbladder:
a) Spleen
b) Fat body
c) Pancreas
d) Lung
✓ b) Fat body
Explanation: Yellowish fat bodies resemble the green gallbladder.
Q59. Most delicate structure to preserve during dissection is:
a) Sciatic nerve
b) Mesentery
c) Alimentary canal
d) Femur
✓ b) Mesentery
Explanation: Thin membrane holding intestines is easily torn.
Q60. Blastocoel in frog gastrulation is replaced by:
a) Archenteron
b) Neural tube
c) Notochord
d) Coelom
✓ a) Archenteron
Explanation: Primitive gut cavity forms during invagination.
Q61. Organizer region in frog embryos is called:
a) Primitive knot
b) Dorsal lip of blastopore
c) Hensen's node
d) Neural crest
✓ b) Dorsal lip of blastopore
Explanation: First site of invagination (Spemann's organizer).
Q62. Red-leg disease in frogs is caused by:
a) Vitamin A deficiency
b) Aeromonas bacteria
c) Fungal infection
d) Parasitic worms
✓ b) Aeromonas bacteria
Explanation: Causes hemorrhagic septicemia.
Q63. Chytridiomycosis affects frog:
a) Liver
b) Skin
c) Kidneys
d) Lungs
✓ b) Skin
Explanation: Fungus disrupts cutaneous respiration.
Q64. Number of lobes in frog liver:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
✓ c) 3
Explanation: Right, left, and median lobes.
Q65. Glottis leads to:
a) Esophagus
b) Lungs
c) Buccal cavity
d) Cloaca
✓ b) Lungs
Explanation: Opening to respiratory tract.
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