Question 1: What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Lysosome
Answer: b) Ribosome
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Question 2:What does the fluid mosaic model describe?
a) Cell wall
b) Plasma membrane
c) Nucleus
d) Ribosome
Answer: b) Plasma membrane
Question 3:Which of these is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Lipid synthesis
b) Protein synthesis
c) Detoxification
d) ATP production
Answer: d) ATP production
Question 4:Which organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplast
d) Ribosome
Answer: b) Mitochondria
Question 5:Which organelle is semi-autonomous?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Lysosome
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: b) Mitochondria
Question 6 Who is considered the father of genetics?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) Watson and Crick
d) Hugo de Vries
Answer: b) Gregor Mendel
Question 7: What is the phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross?
a) 3:1
b) 1:2:1
c) 9:3:3:1
d) 1:1
Answer: a) 3:1
Question 7: Which of these is a sex-linked disorder?
a) Haemophilia
b) Down syndrome
c) Turner syndrome
d) Klinefelter syndrome
Answer: a) Haemophilia
Question 8: What is the process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA called?
a) Translation
b) Transcription
c) Replication
d) Mutation
Answer: b) Transcription
Question 9: Which of these is an example of a point mutation?
a) Deletion
b) Insertion
c) Substitution
d) Duplication
Answer: c) Substitution
Question 10: Which enzyme is found in saliva?
a) Pepsin
b) Amylase
c) Trypsin
d) Lipase
Answer: b) Amylase
Question 11: What protein carries oxygen in red blood cells?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Myoglobin
c) Collagen
d) Keratin
Answer: a) Hemoglobin
Question 12: Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
Answer: b) Cerebellum
Question 13: Which hormone is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
a) Insulin
b) Adrenaline
c) Thyroxine
d) Estrogen
Answer: b) Adrenaline
Question 14: Which of these is NOT a function of the kidney?
a) Filtration of blood
b) Regulation of blood pressure
c) Production of bile
d) Regulation of electrolyte balance
Answer: c) Production of bile
Question 15: What is the process of water loss from plants called?
a) Transpiration
b) Photosynthesis
c) Respiration
d) Guttation
Answer: a) Transpiration
Question 16: Which pigment is essential for photosynthesis?
a) Chlorophyll
b) Carotene
c) Xanthophyll
d) Phycobilin
Question 17: What regulates the opening and closing of stomata?
a) Guard cells
b) Epidermal cells
c) Mesophyll cells
d) Xylem cells
Answer: a) Guard cells
Question 18: Which of these is a macronutrient for plants?
a) Zinc
b) Iron
c) Nitrogen
d) Manganese
Answer: c) Nitrogen
Question 19: What is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy called?
a) Respiration
b) Photosynthesis
c) Transpiration
d) Fermentation
Answer: b) Photosynthesis
Question 19: Where does fertilization typically occur in humans?
a) Ovary
b) Uterus
c) Fallopian tube
d) Vagina
Answer: c) Fallopian tube
Question 20: Which hormone is responsible for male reproductive functions?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Prolactin
Answer: c) Testosterone
Question 21: What is the process of gamete formation called?
a) Fertilization
b) Gametogenesis
c) Embryogenesis
d) Spermatogenesis
Answer: b) Gametogenesis
Question 22: Which of these is NOT part of the female reproductive system?
a) Ovary
b) Uterus
c) Testis
d) Fallopian tube
Answer: c) Testis
Question 23: Which hormones regulate the menstrual cycle?
a) Estrogen and progesterone
b) Testosterone and estrogen
c) Insulin and glucagon
d) Thyroxine and calcitonin
Answer: a) Estrogen and progesterone
Question 24:What is the primary source of energy in an ecosystem?
a) Sun
b) Water
c) Soil
d) Air
Answer: a) Sun
Question 25: Which of these is a greenhouse gas?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
Answer: c) Carbon dioxide
Question 26: What is the process of converting nitrogen into ammonia called?
a) Nitrification
b) Denitrification
c) Nitrogen fixation
d) Ammonification
Answer: c) Nitrogen fixation
Question 27: Which of these is a renewable resource?
a) Coal
b) Petroleum
c) Solar energy
d) Natural gas
Answer: c) Solar energy
Question 28: What does biodiversity refer to?
a) Variety of life on Earth
b) Variety of plants only
c) Variety of animals only
d) Variety of microorganisms only
Answer: a) Variety of life on Earth
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